Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property, 1954 – UPSC Prelims

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What is the Hague Convention 1954?
  • Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict was adopted in 1954 under the auspices of UNESCO.
  • This convention is referred to as the 1954 Hague Convention.
  • It is the first and the most comprehensive multilateral treaty dedicated exclusively to the protection of cultural heritage in times of peace as well as during an armed conflict.
  • Aim: The convention aims to protect cultural property, such as monuments of architecture, art or history, archaeological sites, works of art, manuscripts, books and other objects of artistic, historical or archaeological interest, as well as scientific collections of any kind regardless of their origin or ownership.
  • India is party to Hague Convention 1954.
What is the Blue Shield Emblem?
  • Need: Article 6 of the 1954 Hague Convention states that cultural property may bear a distinctive emblem so as to facilitate its recognition.
  • Origin: In pursuance of this, the Blue Shield, formerly the International Committee of the Blue Shield was founded in 1996.
  • About: It is a non-governmental, non-profit, international organisation committed to the protection of heritage across the world.
  • The Blue Shield network, often referred to as the cultural equivalent of the Red Cross.

  • Function:
    • The Blue Shield is a network of committees of dedicated individuals across the world that is committed to protect the world’s cultural heritage from threats such as armed conflict and natural disasters.
    • This includes museums, monuments, archaeological sites, archives, libraries and audio-visual material, and significant natural areas, as well as intangible heritage.
  • Associated Issue:
    • Some States have refrained from marking their cultural property, arguing that it would make that property more vulnerable to attack by an enemy determined to destroy its symbols of national identity.
    • Unfortunately, this proved to be the case during the war in the former Yugoslavia where cultural property marked with the Blue Shield was intentionally targeted.
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