- Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a severe, often fatal illness in humans.
- It is a viral haemorrhagic fever of humans and other primates caused by ebola viruses.
- It was first identified in 1976 in the Democratic Republic of Congo in a village near the Ebola River, from which it takes its name.
- It is transmitted to people from wild animals and spreads in the human population through human-to-human transmission.
- Fruit bats are natural host of this virus.
- It spreads through contact with body fluids of inflected persons such as blood, urine and saliva.
- It also spreads through sexual transmission.
- Symptoms faced by people who have contracted the Ebola virus include high fever, bleeding and central nervous system damage.
- The average EVD case fatality rate is around 50%. However, in past outbreaks case fatality rates have varied from 25% to 90%.
- In 2014, Ebola virus had erupted periodically mainly across west and east Africa mainly in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.
- Treatment: There is as yet no proven treatment available for EVD. However, a range of potential treatments including immune therapies, blood products and drug therapies are currently being evaluated.