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It is the apex vigilance institution.
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It was created via executive resolution (based on the recommendations of Santhanam committee) in 1964 but was conferred with statutory status in 2003.
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It has status of statutory autonomous body and free of control from any executive authority as per the provisions of Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) Act, 2003.
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Presently, the body consists of central vigilance commissioner along with 2 vigilance commissioners.
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They are appointed by the President of India on the recommendations of a committee consisting of Prime Minister, Union Home Minister and Leader of the Opposition in Lok Sabha (if there is no LoP then the leader of the single largest Opposition party in the Lok Sabha).
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Their term is 4 years or 65 years, whichever is earlier.
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It submits its report to the President of India.
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The Central Vigilance Commissioner or any Vigilance Commissioner can be removed from his office only by order of the President on the ground of proved mis behavior or incapacity after the Supreme Court, on a reference made to it by the President, has, on inquiry, reported that the Central Vigilance Commissioner or any Vigilance Commissioner, as the case may be, ought to be removed.
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CVC is advisory body.
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Functions:
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It monitors all vigilance activity under Union Government and advises various authorities in Union Government organizations in planning, executing, reviewing and reforming their vigilance work.
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Union Government has authorized CVC as “Designated Agency” to receive written complaints for disclosure on any allegation of corruption or misuse of office and recommend appropriate action.