Laws in India against Animal killing – UPSC GS3

According to the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972, enacted for the protection of wild animals, birds and plants, the act of hunting constitutes “capturing, killing, poisoning, snaring, or trapping any wild animal”.

In fact, injuring, damaging or stealing body part of any animal also constitutes hunting. For wild birds and reptiles, “disturbing or damaging the eggs or nests” is tantamount to hunting.

With the insertion of a new section, 51 A, the process of securing a bail upon committing an offence has become more difficult. According to this amendment, the accused won’t get a bail unless the court finds “reasonable grounds” to believe that the individual is not guilty.

The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act of 1960 was enacted with an objective of preventing infliction of unnecessary pain on animals.

Section 11 clearly elucidates that causing harm to any animal during transportation is a cognizable offence. Tying up cattle in overcrowded vehicles is illegal, according to this Act. In fact, injecting anything injurious and serving any poisonous food is also illegal. Any such violation of Section 11 invites a penalty of Rs. 100 and/or up to three months of imprisonment.

According to sections 428 and 429 of the Indian Penal Code, it is illegal to maim or injure any animal. Acts like throwing acid on cows, injuring street dogs and cats also invite punishment, which in a way serves as a caveat for many reckless drivers on the road.

In 2014, India introduced a nationwide ban on animal testing cosmetics. The ban on animal testing makes it illegal to use chemicals on their skin or feed them lethal doses.

Moreover, any medical or research institute cannot pick up stray animals from the street for the purpose of experimentation.

To report cases of illegal animal testing, which causes ‘considerable suffering’ to animals, a national helpline has also been launched.